PubMed MCP Server

PubMed MCP Server

Provides structured PubMed literature data for LLM agents, supporting search, caching, and open-access full-text downloads via the MCP protocol.

Category
Visit Server

README

PubMed MCP Server v3.0

License: MIT npm version MCP Compatible TypeScript

为 LLM Agent 提供结构化 PubMed 文献数据的 MCP 服务器。Agent 友好的响应模型,专注数据提供,分析交给 LLM。

LLM Agent <--MCP--> PubMed MCP Server <--API--> PubMed / PMC / Unpaywall

核心能力: 文献搜索 / 智能缓存 / OA 全文下载 / Agentic 响应模型


快速开始

前置要求: Node.js v18.0.0+

1. 安装

# npm 全局安装
npm install -g mcp-pubmed-llm-server

# 或从源码构建
git clone git@github.com:PancrePal-xiaoyibao/mcp-pubmed-server-pancrpal.git
cd mcp-pubmed-server-pancrpal
npm install && npm run build

2. 配置

cp .env.example .env

编辑 .env

PUBMED_API_KEY=你的NCBI_API密钥    # 可选,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/
PUBMED_EMAIL=你的邮箱               # 可选(建议填写)
ABSTRACT_MODE=quick                 # quick(1500字符) | deep(6000字符)
FULLTEXT_MODE=disabled              # disabled | enabled | auto

说明: API Key 和 Email 均非必填。无 Key 时匿名运行(3 次/秒),有 Key 时 10 次/秒。

3. 运行

# npm 包
mcp-pubmed-llm-server
# 或
npx mcp-pubmed-llm-server

# 源码开发
npm run dev

# 源码生产
npm run build && npm start

传输模式

模式 适用场景 启动方式
stdio 本地 MCP 客户端集成 npm start(默认)
Streamable HTTP 服务端远程部署 npm run start:http

stdio 模式(默认)

npm start
# 或
node dist/index.js --mode=stdio

Streamable HTTP 模式

npm run start:http
# 或
node dist/index.js --mode=streamableHttp

Docker 部署:

cd docker
cp .env.example .env   # 编辑填入配置
docker compose up -d --build

验证:

curl http://localhost:8745/health
# {"status":"ok","mode":"streamableHttp","sessions":0}

端点:

  • POST /mcp — MCP 协议消息
  • GET /mcp — SSE 事件流
  • DELETE /mcp — 关闭会话
  • GET /health — 健康检查

MCP 客户端配置

Claude Desktop / Claude Code / Cline

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "pubmed": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "mcp-pubmed-llm-server"],
      "env": {
        "PUBMED_API_KEY": "你的API密钥(可选)",
        "PUBMED_EMAIL": "你的邮箱(可选)",
        "ABSTRACT_MODE": "deep",
        "FULLTEXT_MODE": "enabled"
      }
    }
  }
}

配置文件位置:

  • Claude Desktop: ~/Library/Application Support/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json (macOS)
  • Claude Code: ~/.claude/config.json
  • Cline: VS Code 设置中的 MCP Servers

Cherry Studio

stdio 模式: 同上配置,type 设为 stdio

streamableHttp 模式: type 设为 streamableHttpbaseUrl 设为 http://<服务器IP>:8745/mcp


工具列表(8 个)

文献搜索

工具 说明 关键参数
pubmed_search 文献搜索,支持 Boolean/MeSH query, max_results, days_back, sort_by, format
pubmed_get_details 获取 PMID 完整信息(单个或批量) pmids, format
pubmed_extract_info 提取论文关键信息段落 pmid, sections
pubmed_find_related 查找相关/综述文献 pmid, type, max_results

缓存管理

工具 说明 关键参数
pubmed_manage_cache 缓存统计、清理、清空 action, target

全文下载(需 FULLTEXT_MODE=enabled

工具 说明 关键参数
pubmed_detect_fulltext 检测 OA 状态和全文可用性 pmid, auto_download
pubmed_download_fulltext 下载全文 PDF(单篇或批量) pmids, force
pubmed_system_status 系统环境和 API Key 状态检测

Agentic 响应模型

每个工具返回统一的 AgentResponse<T> 结构,为 AI Agent 优化:

{
  "status": "success",
  "data": { ... },
  "metadata": {
    "tool": "pubmed_search",
    "executionMs": 1234,
    "timestamp": "2025-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
    "pagination": { "total": 500, "returned": 20, "hasMore": true }
  },
  "suggestions": [
    {
      "tool": "pubmed_get_details",
      "reason": "Get full metadata for specific articles of interest.",
      "parameters": { "pmids": ["12345678"] }
    }
  ]
}
  • status — 成功/错误状态
  • data — 类型化的返回数据
  • metadata — 执行上下文(耗时、分页、缓存状态)
  • suggestions — Agent 下一步操作建议(工具名 + 原因 + 参数)

API Key 池配置

支持多个 NCBI API Key 轮询/主备/随机负载均衡。

在项目根目录创建 api-keys.json(参见 api-keys.json.example):

{
  "keys": [
    { "api_key": "KEY_1", "email": "user1@example.com" },
    { "api_key": "KEY_2", "email": "user2@example.com" }
  ],
  "strategy": "round-robin"
}
策略 说明
round-robin 轮询(默认)
failover 主备切换
random 随机负载均衡

优先级: api-keys.json > 环境变量 > 匿名模式

健康管理: 连续 3 次失败自动下线,60 秒冷却后恢复


项目结构

src/
├── index.ts                  # 入口点
├── config.ts                 # 配置常量 + 环境变量
├── server.ts                 # MCP Server 编排器
├── types/                    # TypeScript 类型定义
│   ├── article.ts            # Article, SearchResult, OAInfo
│   ├── responses.ts          # AgentResponse<T>, makeResponse/makeError
│   └── index.ts
├── api/
│   ├── pubmed-client.ts      # PubMed EUtilities 客户端
│   └── key-pool.ts           # API Key 号池(轮询/主备/随机)
├── cache/
│   ├── memory-cache.ts       # 内存 LRU 缓存(5 分钟,100 条上限)
│   └── file-cache.ts         # 文件持久化缓存(30 天过期)
├── services/
│   ├── fulltext.ts           # OA 检测 + PDF 下载
│   └── system.ts             # 系统环境检测
├── tools/
│   ├── definitions.ts        # MCP 工具 Schema(8 个工具)
│   └── handlers.ts           # 工具路由 + 处理逻辑
├── transport/
│   ├── stdio.ts              # stdio 传输
│   └── streamable-http.ts    # HTTP 传输(Express)
└── utils/
    └── formatter.ts          # 文章格式化(compact/standard/detailed)

故障排除

问题 解决方案
依赖缺失 npm install && npm run build
PubMed API 调用失败 检查网络;有 Key 时确认 Key 有效
Key 池全部不可用 检查 api-keys.json 中 Key 是否有效,60 秒后自动恢复
端口被占用 lsof -i :8745 查看,或设置 PORT=其他端口
Docker 健康检查失败 检查 .env 配置,docker logs pubmed-mcp

许可证

MIT License

Recommended Servers

playwright-mcp

playwright-mcp

A Model Context Protocol server that enables LLMs to interact with web pages through structured accessibility snapshots without requiring vision models or screenshots.

Official
Featured
TypeScript
Magic Component Platform (MCP)

Magic Component Platform (MCP)

An AI-powered tool that generates modern UI components from natural language descriptions, integrating with popular IDEs to streamline UI development workflow.

Official
Featured
Local
TypeScript
Audiense Insights MCP Server

Audiense Insights MCP Server

Enables interaction with Audiense Insights accounts via the Model Context Protocol, facilitating the extraction and analysis of marketing insights and audience data including demographics, behavior, and influencer engagement.

Official
Featured
Local
TypeScript
VeyraX MCP

VeyraX MCP

Single MCP tool to connect all your favorite tools: Gmail, Calendar and 40 more.

Official
Featured
Local
graphlit-mcp-server

graphlit-mcp-server

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) Server enables integration between MCP clients and the Graphlit service. Ingest anything from Slack to Gmail to podcast feeds, in addition to web crawling, into a Graphlit project - and then retrieve relevant contents from the MCP client.

Official
Featured
TypeScript
Kagi MCP Server

Kagi MCP Server

An MCP server that integrates Kagi search capabilities with Claude AI, enabling Claude to perform real-time web searches when answering questions that require up-to-date information.

Official
Featured
Python
E2B

E2B

Using MCP to run code via e2b.

Official
Featured
Neon Database

Neon Database

MCP server for interacting with Neon Management API and databases

Official
Featured
Exa Search

Exa Search

A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server lets AI assistants like Claude use the Exa AI Search API for web searches. This setup allows AI models to get real-time web information in a safe and controlled way.

Official
Featured
Qdrant Server

Qdrant Server

This repository is an example of how to create a MCP server for Qdrant, a vector search engine.

Official
Featured